Ultrasound Assessment of Flow-Mediated Dilation

Tutorial Ultrasound Assessment of Flow-Mediated Dilation

Developed in 1992, the flow-mediated dilation test is now the most commonly used noninvasive assessment of vascular endothelial function in humans. Since its inception, scientists have refined their understanding of the physiology, analysis, and interpretation of this measurement. Recently, a significant growth of knowledge has added to our understanding and implementation of this clinically re...

Use of ultrasound for non-invasive assessment of flow-mediated dilation.

The pathological complications of atherosclerosis, namely heart attacks and strokes, remain the leading cause of mortality in the Western world. Preceding atherosclerosis is endothelial dysfunction. There is therefore interest in the application of non-invasive clinical tools to assess endothelial function. The flow-mediated dilation (FMD) test is the standard tool used to assess endothelial fu...

Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test.

Cardiovascular disease is the primary cause of mortality and a major cause of disability worldwide. The dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is a pathological condition characterized mainly by a disruption in the balance between vasodilator and vasoconstrictor substances and is proposed to play an important role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Therefore, a preci...

Assessment of Flow Mediated Dilation (fmd) in Humans:

Accurate evaluation of viscoelasticity of radial artery wall during flow-mediated dilation in ultrasound measurement

In our previous study, the viscoelasticity of the radial artery wall was estimated to diagnose endothelial dysfunction using a high-frequency (22MHz) ultrasound device. In the present study, we employed a commercial ultrasound device (7.5MHz) and estimated the viscoelasticity using arterial pressure and diameter, both of which were measured at the same position. In a phantom experiment, the pro...